Ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni akukona nje kuphela ukuzibophezela kwezwe lami ukubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kodwa futhi kuyinqubomgomo kazwelonke ebalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe izinguquko ezibalulekile esimweni somnotho nezenhlalo yezwe lami. Kuyisinyathelo esikhulu futhi sokuthi izwe lami lihlole umgwaqo omusha oholela empucukweni yabantu futhi lizuze intuthuko enokuthula.

Njengamanje, phakathi kwemithombo yamandla evamile, igesi yemvelo, i-solar thermal, amandla e-hydrogen, namandla enuzi angasetshenziswa njengezinye izindlela. Phakathi kwazo, igesi yemvelo inempendulo esheshayo kanye nomthamo omkhulu wamandla, kodwa inezinkinga ezintathu: inani eliphelele alanele. Uhwebo lwaminyaka yonke lwegesi yemvelo emhlabeni wonke luyi-1.2 trillion cubic metres. Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi yemvelo yaseChina ngo-2019 kungama-cubic metres ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-306.4, okuhlanganisa u-8.1 wengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwamandla. %. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ngisho noma igesi yemvelo yomhlaba wonke ihlinzekwa eShayina, ingaxazulula kuphela u-32% wawo wonke amandla asetshenziswayo; izindleko ziphezulu kakhulu. Nakuba intengo yegesi yemvelo ihluka ngokwezindawo, ngokuvamile iphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kunamalahle. Uma yonke igesi yemvelo isetshenziswa, Izindleko zokukhiqiza zikhuphuke ngokuphazima kweso. Kuyaqondakala ukukhulisa izindleko ezidingekayo ukuze kuncishiswe ikhabhoni, kodwa ukwenyuka ngokweqile kuzoholela ekwehleni kokuncintisana kwemboni yokukhiqiza noma ukushintsha kwamanye amazwe; okwesithathu, igesi yemvelo ngokwayo ingumthombo wamandla we-carbon fossil ephezulu, nakuba amandla okukhishwa kwekhabhoni aphansi kunalawo amalahle. , Kodwa inkinga yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni incishisiwe kuphela kodwa ayixazululeki. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukuthi igesi yemvelo ibe enye indlela eyinhloko.

Ngokuphambene, ukuminyana kwamandla okukhanya nokushisa akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabasebenzisi abanamandla amakhulu njengenani elikhulu lesitimu, futhi akukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okuqhubekayo nokuzinzile embonini yokukhiqiza, futhi alikwazi umbono wezobuchwepheshe.

Amandla enuzi anezinzuzo zokuphehla amandla aqhubekayo futhi azinzile. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengenye indlela yokushisisa isidingo enyakatho. Kodwa-ke, ngesidingo sokushisisa esihlukene nesihlukene semboni yokukhiqiza, izici zayo zobuchwepheshe nezomnotho zinzima ukuzifanisa.

Izinzuzo zamandla e-hydrogen emkhakheni wezokuthutha ziyavela. Nakuba zikhona izimo eziphumelelayo zezidingo zokushisisa ezikhethekile ezifana nokwenza insimbi esikhundleni samalahle, umnotho wokushisisa isidingo sezimboni eziningi zokukhiqiza usadinga isikhathi sokuqinisekisa.

Ukwengeza, noma ngabe lezi zinhlobo zamandla ezingenhla zithola ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho, kusenokusilela okufanayo-ingqalasizinda ekhona yamandla aphehlwa ngamalahle ibhekene nokuphelelwa yisikhathi.

Ukucabanga kwe-EU: sebenzisa kabusha amandla e-biomass

Imishini yokugaya i-biomass pellet kulindeleke ukuthi ibe yisikhali se-carbon neutral.

I-EU iyisifunda sokuqala emhlabeni ukuzinikela ekuthuthukisweni kwekhabhoni ephansi. Iqedile ukukhuphuka kwekhabhoni futhi iqhubekela phambili ekungathathi hlangothi kwe-carbon. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwayo kufanelekile ukufundwa nokufunda kukho.

I-GDP ye-European Union ibalwe ku-22.54% we-GDP yomhlaba, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kubalwe ku-8%, kanti ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni kubalwe ku-8.79% ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukuze kuzuzwe ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ohlelweni lwamandla, amandla avuselelekayo asuselwa kumandla e-biomass asetshenziswa esikhundleni samandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi.

Ngokombono wesakhiwo sonke samandla samazwe angama-27 e-EU, amandla e-biomass enza ama-65% wamandla avuselelekayo; ngokombono womnikelo wokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni, amandla e-biomass enza ama-43%, akleliswe kuqala.

Isizathu: Amandla e-biomass amandla amakhemikhali futhi ukuphela kukaphethiloli ovuselelekayo. Ingagcinwa futhi ithuthwe. Lapho kubhekene nezidingo zokushisisa ezihlukene kanye nezikhathi eziningi, izibaseli ze-biomass zingahlangatshezwa kalula, futhi izinsiza ze-biomass ziningi futhi ziyasatshalaliswa. Isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi iyonga, futhi inokuncintisana kakhulu ekushiseni kunamandla ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Isibonelo, iDenmark, iSweden, neFinland eNyakatho Yurophu yakhe uchungechunge lwemboni yamandla e-biomass esekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zemfucumfucu yezolimo nezamahlathi, futhi isibe ingxenye yemakethe yamandla. Uhlobo lokuqala lwamandla.

I-biomass energy ihambisana nengqalasizinda yamandla ensalela ekhona. Isibonelo, amayunithi ayisithupha angu-660MW asebenzisa amalahle e-Drax, isikhungo esikhulu samandla esiphehla amalahle e-UK, wonke aguqulwa abe yi-biomass, azuze ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni eyiziro futhi athole izinzuzo ezinkulu zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni; Amandla yiwo kuphela amandla avuselelekayo angashintsha ngokuphelele amandla ezinsalela. Ngeke nje ihlangabezane nezidingo zamatheminali amathathu amakhulu amandla kagesi, ugesi, nokushisa, kodwa futhi ikhiqize izinto ezisekelwe ku-bio esikhundleni sezinto ezisekelwe ku-petroleum, okungenakwenzeka ngeminye imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo. .

Ukusekelwa kwe-multi-dimensional kokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni

Ngokuvamile, izindlela ezintathu zokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ezweni lami-ugesi we-carbon neutralization, i-thermal carbon neutralization, kanye ne-carbon neutralization yamandla, amandla e-biomass angadlala indima ebalulekile.

Ngokuya nge-thermal carbon neutralization, isidingo sokushisisa somkhakha wezokukhiqiza wezwe lami singahlangatshezwa ngokugcwele namandla e-biomass, futhi isidingo sokushisisa okusatshalalisiwe singafinyelelwa ngokusekela imishini yamandla e-biomass esebenzayo yokwenza amafutha.

Yiqiniso, ngomthamo wokusetshenziswa kwamandla ezweni lethu, kunzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo ngezinsiza zethu kuphela. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukusungula uhlaka olunamafutha avuselelekayo e-biomass (imishini ye-biomass pellet nokunye ukucutshungulwa komshini) njengomnyombo kanye nokubambisana kwamandla avuselelekayo "Ibhande Nomgwaqo" njengomgomo.

Mayelana nezwe lami, inani elikhulu lamafutha avuselelekayo athatha indawo yamafutha ensalela, angagcina ukuncintisana kwemboni yokukhiqiza futhi axazulule inkinga yezingqinamba zokukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuzosiza amazwe nezifunda ze-“Belt and Road” ukusungula ingqalasizinda yamandla aluhlaza ukuze kuzuzwe inzuzo efanayo kanye nemiphumela ewinile. , Ukwakha umphakathi wekusasa lokuthuthukiswa kohlaza.

Ngokuphathelene nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni yamandla, izixazululo zamanje zamandla ezokuthutha zihlanganisa amandla kagesi, amandla e-hydrogen, kanye nophethiloli we-biomass. Kunconywa ukuthi imakethe ikhethe esikhundleni sokungenelela kokuphatha okweqile. Izinsiza zokuphatha ezengeziwe kufanele zitshalwe ekwakhiweni kohlelo lwesiqinisekiso semakethe, njengokwakhiwa nokusebenza kwemakethe yekhabhoni. Ngaleso sikhathi, kuzoba nohlelo lwamandla e-carbon-neutral oluvumelana nezimo zezwe ukuze luvelele.

Isigayo se-biomass pelletimishini kulindeleke ukuthi ibe isikhali se-carbon neutral.